Explained | Iran’s political system

Iran's political system is characterized by a unique structure where the Supreme Leader holds significant power, unlike the President, who serves a fixed term. Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Iran has seen only two Supreme Leaders: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, who passed away in 1989, and Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The role of the Supreme Leader is central to Iran's governance, overseeing key decisions in domestic and foreign policies. Recently, Khamenei was killed in a high-profile attack attributed to a joint American-Israeli operation on February 28, 2026. This incident has raised concerns about the stability of Iran's political landscape and the potential for shifts in power dynamics. The Supreme Leader’s longevity in power underscores the challenges of political transition in Iran, as succession can lead to significant changes in both internal governance and international relations. The aftermath of Khamenei's assassination may provoke a power struggle, impacting the region's geopolitical stability and Iran's relationships with other nations. Understanding this complex political framework is essential to grasping Iran's current affairs and future trajectory.